Emotional Intelligence As a Type of Social Intelligence - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 489 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/06 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Tags: Emotional Intelligence Essay Did you like this example? In todays society, emotional intelligence is described as a type of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor personal and individuals emotions, to judge among them, and to use the resources to guide personal cognitive abilities. Research shows that emotional intelligence can be learned and strengthen, why others say its a natural characteristic. Emotional intelligence brings together the fields of emotions and intelligence by viewing emotions as useful sources of information that help one to make sense of and navigate the social environment (Salovey and Mayer,1990).Emotional Intelligence monitors personal and individuals emotion by looking at personality characteristics of an individual. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Emotional Intelligence As a Type of Social Intelligence" essay for you Create order Personality characteristics are characterized as locus of control, achievement motivation, authoritarianism, and self-esteem. A view of individual personality is a combination of nature and nurture, and genetic characteristics are mold by individuals experience.When reviewing related information of emotional intelligence pertaining to self-esteem, the information includes elements in the concept of individualize evaluation. Self-esteem consist of three models which are affective models, cognitive models, and sociological models. Nature of self-esteem is viewed as a way that highlights affective processes instead of cognitive processes. Affective models begin in the early stages of life which helps you understand the influences self-evaluations and self-worth feelings. There are different perspectives that are observed about individuals thinking. For example, Crocker and Major (1989) have suggested that attractive people discount the positive feedback they receive (Im only getting this job because Im good-looking) and unattractive people discount the negative feedback they receive (I didnt get the job because Im not good-looking enough). In this manner, attractiveness ends up being uncorrelated with self-esteem (Brown and Marshall, 2002). Generally, people view themselves in a positive manner when they exemplify a higher level of self-esteem. Meanwhile people with lower level of self-esteem view themselv es in a negative manner. Self-esteem is not considered the only factor that affects self-evaluation. Cognitive models assume that self-esteem is based on primary beliefs about individuals qualities. High self-esteem is based on appearance, intelligence, and popularity. Alternate perspectives assume all self-evaluations are influenced by self-esteem. Self-esteem can be calculated by its degree of importance with its weighed value. When focusing on emotional intelligence, it views cognitive models on a holistically perception. Looking from a global level, self-esteem is view as a baseline of self-evaluations.Emotional intelligence can be learned and strengthen by personal emotions, others perspective, experiences, thoughtfulness, sentiments, drawing conclusion, and repetition. Individuals that exhibit high emotional intelligences are typically successful in everything they do. There are four attributes that will help individuals become successful; self-management, self-awareness, social awareness, and relationship management. Self-management allows an individual to control its feeling and behaviors and adapt to change. Self-awareness allows an individual to weight their pros and cons. Social awareness allows an individual to become self-confidence of their environment. Relationship management allows an individual to develop team building skills. Different discoveries explained capabilities such as empathy, opti mism, and self-control provided to outcomes and everyday life.

Physics Is It Really Genuine Knowledge Essay - 1244 Words

In a present day conference on whether physics can provide valuable, genuine knowledge of the world, two people sit, listening attentively. Both people are deep in thought about their own theories on the subject. One, David Hume, shakes his head in outright denial. While most those in the conference are in agreement that physics can, indeed, provide genuine knowledge, he contends that physics and mathematics provide nothing at all. In fact, he thinks to himself, only things that can be divvied up into various sensory impressions provide genuine knowledge and, since mathematics and sciences cannot (particularly because they rely on causal relationships) they are essentially a waste of time. Across the room is Immanuel Kant. At certain†¦show more content†¦In effect, impressions hold much more vivid senses since memories become increasingly vague. Furthermore, without impressions, there would be no ideas. Because all ideas originate from a combination of impressions, the only genuine knowledge we can certain of is that which can be broken down into impressions. As an example, take a grey cloud. We can only think of a grey cloud because it is formed by previously acquiesced impressions of grey and cloud, which we then combine. Therefore, without the corresponding impressions, any imagination cannot be of genuine knowledge. In physics this holds drastic consequences; let’s take the idea of causal relationships and the universal law that, â€Å"for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction†, such as when two balls collide. In essence this implies two things. One, there is, causal relationship – that is one ball causes the other ball causes the other ball to move – and, two, there is always a causal relationship – which means that anytime the first ball hits the second, the second will always be caused to move. Furthermore, for this to occur there is a supposed transfer of energy. However, there are a few problems with this, as there is in any cause of causal relationships. First is that we see no true relationship or connection between the two balls. All we see is the first ball move, touch the second, and the second then move; but we cannotShow MoreRelatedLetter : The Admissions Committee1160 Words   |  5 Pagesright reasons and after 26 years of teaching I can honestly say that Awnit Marta will be one such student. I have had the pleasure of teaching and acting as the counsellor for Awnit over the last 6 years and know him to be a young man who combines a genuine academic ability, with the social skills of a captain of industry. Here is a young man who controls a room by walking into it, who takes risks in a considered way and uses his love of life to broaden his own horizons and challenge himself. 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I argue that considerations of the subjective sense of understanding cannot be completely removed from the process of formulatingRead MoreTheories of How Life Began on Earth1782 Words   |  8 PagesCarolyn Godfrey English 101 Ms. Lazzo 10/26/2010 Theories of how Life on Earth began We certainly know that our universe exists, however, this knowledge alone has not satisfied mankind’s quest for further understanding. Our curiosity has led us to question our place in this universe and furthermore, the place of the universe itself. Throughout time we have asked ourselves questions such as: How did our universe began? How old is our universe? How did matter come to exist? Obviously, the search forRead More Humanity versus Virtual Reality Essay4430 Words   |  18 Pagesrelationship of the human being with his environment. Virtual reality involves the sensory stimuli of a person in an artificial environment. 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The Technology’s Influence in Todays World Free Essays

Every single day a new type of technology is being introduced to the world. Technology has improved a lot over years, and it is a great thing these days, because it can be very helpful, especially for people with disabilities. However people are taking advantage of it. We will write a custom essay sample on The Technology’s Influence in Todays World or any similar topic only for you Order Now I think life is impossible without cell phones and laptops! This phrase sounds shocking but reality is reality. Some people can’t live without modern technology like cell phones. Everybody knows what modern technology is. Modern technology is a technology created or invented to help us do works and make our life easier. i think we should perfectly understand that modern technology can make our life more convenient and safes a great deal of our time. We become lazy because of modern technologies like cell phones, washing machine, televisions, and others. People used to wash their dirty clothes using hands, but now they just have to put their dirty clothes into the washing machine and press some buttons. as we know. Modern technologies create financial problems, too. Because most of the modern technologies are too expensive to buy. People need to be active in order to be healthy. Walking to the store, riding a bike instead of a car, visiting a post office instead of sending an e-mail, all these things may or may not be more convenient, but they are a better alternative because it involves doing things physically. Being active means just a little more then the click of the mouse. Everyone loves the Internet. Suddenly everything just becomes so fast and easy. But easy does not necessarily mean better. Although being active enough is a major concern when it comes to modern technology, there are more things to worry about. Today’s technology can be as simple as the push of a button. Because everything is so easy, human’s brain is functioning as much as it should, and that is not a good thing. People need to develop their brain by reading, thinking in order to be smart, however its nearly impossible with the kind of technology we have these days. How to cite The Technology’s Influence in Todays World, Essay examples

Explain Different Methods of Assessing free essay sample

Twice a year the pastoral carers are required to transfer this knowledge from note-taking, observations, record books, assessments of the children they care for, onto ‘progress reports’ for the parents to receive. â€Å"Sound reflection on the observations we make not only enhances professional practise, but also aids our understanding of children. † (Advanced Early Years 2nd Ed: I Macleod-Brudenell amp; J Kay:Pg328:2008) We sit together and discuss each child and ensure we have accurate and up-to-date details to add onto the progress report. Any concerns are dealt with on a daily basis and are not collected to discuss just twice a year. A primary purpose of observation is to record in order to inform our response to the needs of children. † (Advanced Early Years 2nd Ed: I Macleod-Brudenell amp; J Kay:Pg328:2008) The pastoral carers are then able to take time to sit and write a short report for the child, of which a copy is given to the parents and a copy is stored within the child’s file at playgroup. We will write a custom essay sample on Explain Different Methods of Assessing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The parents are also invited to come along and meet with their child’s pastoral carer before the report is sent home. Observations and assessments of the children within our care may be required for the following reasons: Concerns about a child’s behaviour and/or development * Routine assessments (starting at playgroup, leaving playgroup) * Structured assessments in cases of special needs * Assessments for purposes of a case conference or court * Students for learning purposes * Assist with planning our curriculum * To assist with planning IPP’s (Individual Play Plans) â€Å"Observation is a diagnostic tool, confirming capability or progress at a point in time. It is a means of unobtrusively collecting potentially rich information about children’s development. † (Advanced Early Years 2nd Ed: I Macleod-Brudenell amp; J Kay:Pg329:2008) At playgroup we are aware of the following, but may only use a few within our setting: Observation: Observations can be taken inside or outside and at different times of the day and within different areas of the setting. They record what the child is doing in a subjective way, enabling you to support childrens development / be aware of their current stage of development? Its most appropriate to use this method when a childs development is causing concern. â€Å"Observations should be as objective, valid and reliable as possible; and conclusions should not be drawn from one observation only. (Special Issues in Childcare:M O’Hagan amp; M Smith:Pg37:1995) Information from colleagues and carers: Parents/carers who know the child and colleagues expertise are invaluable, especially when planning for social and academic success for pupils with special educational needs and/or disabilities. If we are concerned about childs development its good to ask/share information. We also share information such as a parent pops in to explain theyre concerned their child might be feeling a little poorly one morning, a colleague lets you know how they saw a child achieve a milestone in their development. Your data should be discussed with appropriate persons and parents, compared, cross-checked and further assessments done where necessary. † (Special Issues in Childcare:M O’Hagan amp; M Smith:Pg39:1995) Assessment framework: It is the way in which a child is assessed to decide whether they have any particular needs and what these needs may be. It is useful in deciding whether the child is reaching expected milestones of development in different areas. Assessment frameworks involve methods from the Welsh ‘Foundation Phase’ and ‘Birth to Three Matters’. Assessments should not be judgemental and negative but should accurately reflect your findings, based on observational and other sources of information where relevant. † (Special Iss ues in Childcare:M O’Hagan amp; M Smith:Pg39:1995) Standard measurements: Tests/cognitive aptitude tests that demonstrate a snapshot of childrens academic ability or skill at retaining taught information and that might then be used to compare outcomes between a larger population of same-age children. Health programmes that might measure head circumference, weight, height, visual and auditory functioning. Educational psychologists may use reasoning tests to assess an intellectual age in contrast to a chronological age. Types of observation we use within playgroup are: Naturalistic – where we observe the children during the general playgroup routine and in their natural surroundings. No attempt is made to structure the situation. This is used for general information such as how well an activity has been received or how well a child completes an activity – especially useful with our new style planning as we can gauge whether children are enjoying the topic and getting the most from it. Structured – a situation is organised prior to the observation with a view to gaining specific information e. g. building blocks on the table, can the child build a tower of four blocks? This is used more for the child’s development book; we can record any progress or areas of concern. Snapshot – notes are made which capture what the child is doing at a particular point in time. This is useful to see what the most popular activities are and what children enjoy doing. Longitudinal – several observations over a period of time. We use these types of observation if there appears to be a concern over behaviour or development. Table of different techniques that we use at playgroup: Method of assessment, recording, monitoring children| How this is used| Why this may be used| Time Sampling| Regular intervals over a set period of time e. g. every half an hour during the session| can be used to observe a childs behaviour to identify possible concerns. E. g. a shy child who does not relate to other children| Event Sampling| Observing/recording specific events such as temper tantrums| helps to clarify what really happens during a tantrum. For example is the child provoked, does the event happen at certain times of day, how long does the tantrum last? | Checklist of development| Record of child’s abilities within a development book| Good way of seeing where the child is with their development – do they need encouragement in a certain area? | Structured records| Usually given by Flying Start/1st Opportunity to update their records| Records that are passed to us by a third party regarding what the child is able/not able to do prior to starting with us. Sociograms| Recording how children relate to each other in a group| Good exercise to see who plays with whom. In older children you can observe whether they are starting to form more settled friendships. | Anecdotal, diaries and log books| Specific events recorded over time and recording situations as they happen, of what the child does and says, and more importantly how the child does and says things| Spontaneous observations can show surprising things about a childs development that might otherwise never be seen. Target child| More specialised form of observation which focuses on one child within a group or situation| show a childs unique all round development at a particular age and stage| Video recording / photographs| To document a child’s progress and enjoyment of activities whilst at the setting| Very useful to show parents what their child is able to achieve at playgroup and great for non-verbal children to be observed without missing anything. |

Gay Rights To Marriage Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Gay Rights To Marriage Essay, Research Paper Crystal Bloom Miss Hahn English 1113 November 22, 2000 Homosexuals Should Have the Right My aunt, who lives in Missouri, has had a loving spouse for about four old ages. They are both tribades and want to acquire married someday when the jurisprudence allows. I asked them to direct me a missive on some of their ideas on same-sex matrimony. Out of her four-page missive I pulled this answer out, # 8220 ; If two people of the same sex choose to do a life together I feel that they should hold the same rights as a adult male and adult females would hold one time they are married, but the existent kicker is # 8230 ; . That a adult male and adult females can populate together X figure of old ages and can be considered by common jurisprudence as a legal hubby and married woman. So for two twosomes of the same sex we should hold the same rights as a adult male and adult female does. We will write a custom essay sample on Gay Rights To Marriage Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For illustration wellness insurance, if one has insurance thru his or her employment it would be of great benefit to set your mate on your policy. # 8221 ; So, why can # 8217 ; t my # 8220 ; aunts # 8221 ; acquire married? It is illegal, as of now, to hold same-sex matrimonies. Should these people have the same rights as heterosexual twosomes? I think so, because homosexual twosomes are existent people, in existent relationships, committed to each other the same manner in which a heterosexual twosome is committed to each other. I believe these people should hold the same rights as everyone else. Justice Anthony Kennedy writes for the bulk of the Supreme Court in the determination in turn overing Colorado # 8217 ; s Amendment 2 referendum. # 8220 ; We can non accept the position that Amendment 2 # 8217 ; s prohibition on specific legal protection does no more than deprive homophiles of particular rights. On the other manus, the amendment imposes a particular disablement on those individuals entirely. Homosexuals are out the precautions that other enjoy or may seek without restraint # 8221 ; ( NetFirst ) . # 8220 ; A province can non hold a category of individuals a alien to its Torahs, # 8221 ; declared the Supreme Court, in 1996 ( Qt in Eskridge ) . Gay work forces and adult females are citizens, entitled, like everyone else, to equal protection. Not any particular rights, but the 1s created in The Declaration of Independence. The inalienable rights to Life, Liberty, and the chase of Happiness are guaranteed to the citizens of the United States. It is non common cognition that about three out of four people support homosexuals rights ( NetFirst ) ? But at the same clip the same per centum of people oppose cheery matrimony ( NetFirst ) . How can people be that insincere? One of the grounds is the definition of matrimony has changed throughout the old ages. It one time was held that matrimony was between a adult male and adult females. Then for centuries, matrimonies were a contract in which the married woman was her hubby # 8217 ; s belongings, and we have changed that over clip to suit our demands and wants. Later, the definition changed to marriage between two people of the same race, and one time once more we changed it to suit our ain definition. Definitions of matrimony vary from province to province. In Minnesota, the Supreme Court held that the right to get married was unsuitable to same-sex brotherhoods because matrimony, by definition, requires a adult male and adult female, non two work forces ( Eskridge ) . But on March 17, 1997, Maryland homosexual right militants won a conflict against statute law, which tried to censor the acknowledgment of same-sex matrimonies. Evan Wolfson, a homosexual rights militant provinces, # 8220 ; Time and clip once more people say we can # 8217 ; t win these battles. But sometimes we do # 8221 ; ( Advocate ) . Gay right militants won another little conflict in the province of New Jersey. The little triumph was that the tribunal recognized the matrimony of a post-operative male-to-female transsexual and a biological male ( Eskridge ) . Another ground people fight against homosexual matrimonies is the topic of raising kids. If two people of the same sex can non raise kids, so why are liquidators, convicted criminals of all kind, even known kid molesters allowed to acquire married and convey kids into their heterosexual matrimonies? Desiring a household is non a bad thing and the conservativists in this state should recognize that they are beliing their belief system by opposing same-sex matrimonies. The fact is many homosexuals twosomes do raise kids. They either adopt the kids and/or on occasion have their ain biological kids from failed efforts at heterosexual matrimonies. Many surveies have shown that the results of the kids raised in homosexual places are merely every bit good as those kids coming out of heterosexual places. Psychologists tell us that the difference is the love received by the parents, non their gender ( NetFirst ) . Surveies are really clear about the love received by the kids, and cheery peopl e have the same sum of love to give to kids, as anyone else does ( NetFirst ) . Gay relationships are immoral. Why? Who said so? The Bible? I don # 8217 ; t think so. Does non the Bible Tell people to follow the Golden Rule, which is to make unto others, as you would hold others do unto you? The Bible has no standing in American jurisprudence, and gives no 1 the right to enforce regulation on anyone else because they perceive it be mandated by the Bible. Buddhism celebrates homosexuals relationships freely, and would wish to hold the authorization to do them legal matrimonies ( NetFirst ) . Western United Methodist churches have been taking the battle for greater inclusion of homosexuals and tribades. Sixty-eight curates performed a same-sex brotherhood service for two tribades, in January 1999. United Methodist churches in 12 western provinces vowed to work for the, # 8220 ; full engagement at all degrees in the life of the church and society # 8221 ; for homosexuals and tribades ( Christian Century ) . The determinations made at the General Conference do no n needfully stand for the positions of everyone in the church. # 8220 ; For me, the hope is to allow folks in the church and who are no longer in the church to cognize? the quest for justness is non over, # 8221 ; said Sharon Rhodes-Wickett, a Los Angeles curate ( Christian Century ) . Scott Bidstrup argues that, if one believes cheery relationships to be immoral, yet one believes in spiritual freedom, so the acknowledgment that resistance to gay matrimonies is based on spiritual factors is ground adequate to annul this statement ( NetFirst ) . Three same-sex twosomes were actioning the province of Hawaii because they felt that their rights listed in the Hawaii fundamental law were being violated. Harmonizing to John P. Felfmeier, on May 5, 1993, the Supreme Court of Hawaii issued an sentiment keeping that the province # 8217 ; s refusal to acknowledge same-sex matrimonies would be found unconstitutional unless the province could back up such a prohibition by a compelling involvement. In Hawaii # 8217 ; s Constitution, Article I, Section 5, reads: # 8220 ; No individuals shall be deprived of life, autonomy, or belongings without due procedure of jurisprudence, nor be denied the equal protection of the Torahs, non be denied the enjoyment of the individual # 8217 ; s civil rights or be discriminated against in the exercising thereof because of race, faith, sex or lineage # 8221 ; ( Eskridge ) . On September 21, 1996, President Clinton signed into the jurisprudence the Defense of Marriage Act ( DOMA ) , which grants states the right to disregard same-sex matrimonies contracted in other provinces, and creates a federal definition of matrimony, which excludes same-sex twosomes, to be applied in connexion with all federal legislative acts and plans. Does this act that the President of the United States base on balls seem unconstitutional? Under Article IV of the U.S. Constitution, is the full religion and recognition clause, which states that provinces are apparently required to honour the public Acts of the Apostless of other provinces, such as matrimony. Richard D. Mohr writes this celebrated exchange between two people speaking about the DOMA Torahs a few old ages ago, as portion of a House subcommittee hearing on the alleged DOMA, Barney Frank grilled DOMA co-sponsor Henry Hyde to a revelatory consequence. Frank got Hyde to acknowledge that if homosexuals got married, they would take perfectly nil off from Hyde # 8217 ; s ain matrimony or, by extension, from any other current American matrimony ( Gay A ; Lesbian Review ) . This act was passed to exert the federal power to coerce the possible legality of same-sex matrimony in Hawaii. Why do we as a state demand this act? It is know aparting to gay and sapphic twosomes and should be illegal. I can understand people who oppose cheery matrimonies. They are merely non comfy with the thought. The fact that people are non comfy with the thought stems from the fact that for many old ages, society has promoted the thought that a matrimony between same-sex is someway immoral, chiefly because of the expostulations stated above. But, I don # 8217 ; t think that those expostulations make sense, and the thought of cheery matrimony should non sound so utmost. These are existent people who want the same rights as everyone else in America, the rights to marriage. David A.J. Richards says, # 8220 ; That same-sex matrimony is non a menace to marriage, but a acknowledgment of matrimony # 8217 ; s deeper moral values and the principled amplification of those values to all individuals ; the instance for legitimacy of cheery matrimony crucially rest on the value ( existent and symbolic ) moderately placed in our civilization on matrimony and household life, and argues, as a affair of rule , for just extension of that value to all individuals on just footings # 8221 ; ( Richards ) . There has been progress in legalising same-sex matrimonies, but more demands to be done about it. That is why this issue has started to turn into a civil rights issue. The fact is, mentioning to affair, that the twosomes can non do medical determinations for their spouses in an exigency. My aunt made an interesting statement here. This is what she had to state in her missive, # 8220 ; The concluding and most of import affair to me is, say if I was involved in an accident and I needed to be put on life support and I didn # 8217 ; Ts have a life will do out to state Do Not Revive and my lover knew really good how I felt, that I would non desire to be put on any machines of any sort, all it would take is for one LEGAL household member to step in and over see what my lover knows on how I feel and want. # 8221 ; Say a spouse is arrested ; the other is forced by the authorities to attest against them or supply grounds against them, which lawfully married twosomes are non forced to make ( NetFirst ) . Why are we striping cheery twosome of their rights? They are the boies and girls of infinite female parents and male parents, with all the failing and strengths and hope of everyone else. They want and desire love. We need to halt discriminating against those who are different from us, and allow the homosexual and sapphic twosomes attain their felicity in same-sex matrimonies. Plants Cited Amiel, Barbara. # 8220 ; Same-Sex Marriage is Ok. # 8221 ; Maclean # 8217 ; s. 113.28. 1 Nov. 2000*http: //ehostgw11? anTerm=same20 % 2dsex % 20marriages A ; fuzzyTerm=* . Bidstrup, Scott. Gay Marriage: The Arguments and the Motives. 1 Nov2000.*http: //firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH? ? titytoprecno=4: entitycurre. 4= : numrecs=1*1992-2000. Bullough, Vern. # 8220 ; Why Same-Sex Marriages. # 8221 ; Free Inquiry. 18, no.1 ( Winter 1997 ) :49.CD-ROM. Infromation Access. Nov 2000. # 8220 ; Death of a Gay Marriage Ban. # 8221 ; Advocate. 732. 1 Nov 2000. *http: //ehostgw11? anTerm=same % 2dsex % 20marriages A ; fuzzyTerm=* . Eskridge, William. Gaylaw: Challenging the Apartheid of the Closet. Cambridge: Harvard Univeristy Press, 1999. Feldmeier, John P. # 8220 ; Federalism and Full Faith and Credit: Most States Recognize Out-Of-State Same-Sex Marriages. # 8221 ; Publius. 25, no.4 ( Fall 1995 ) : 107. Ed. DanielElazar and John Kincaid. CD-ROM. Information Access. Nov 2000. # 8220 ; Methodist churchs Protest Church Policy on Gays. # 8221 ; Christian Century. 117.22. 1 Nov 2000. *http: // ehostgw11? m=same20 % 2dsex % 20marriages A ; fuzzyTerm=* . Mohr, Richard. A More Perfect Union: Why Straight America Must Stand Up For GayRights. Boston: Beacon Press, 1994. Richards, David. Women, Gays, and the Fundamental law: The Grounds for Feminist and GayRight in Culture and Law. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. Ruskay-Kidd, Scott. # 8220 ; The Defense of Marriage Act and the Overextension ofCongressional Authority. # 8221 ; Columbia Law Review. 97, no 5 ( June 01, 1997 ) :1435. CD-ROM. Information Access. Nov 2000. attached

Animal Farm Summary

Animal Farm Summary George Orwells Animal Farm is an allegorical novel about a group of farm animals who take over their farm in 1940s England. Through the story of the animals revolution and its aftermath, Orwell assesses the failures of the communist revolution in Russia. Chapters 1-2 The novel opens at Manor Farm, where Mr. Jones, the cruel and incompetent farmer, is drunkenly going to sleep. As soon as the lights in the farmhouse go out, the animals gather. Old Major, an elderly boar whos lived on the farm for a long time, has called a meeting. At the meeting, Old Major describes a dream he had the previous night, in which the animals lived together without humans. He then launches into an impassioned speech. In the speech, he argues that humans are the enemies of all animals, and he urges the animals of the farm to organize and rebel against the humans. Old Major teaches the animals- who have varying degrees of intelligence- a song called Beasts of England in order to instill a sense of revolutionary fervor in them. Old Major passes away three days later. Three pigs named Napoleon, Snowball, and Squealer use this sad event to rally the animals. When the animals, who are starving, break into the store shed, Mr. Jones attempts to whip them. The animals revolt and drive Mr. Jones, his family, and his employees off the farm in terror. Napoleon and Snowball quickly organize the animals and remind them of Old Major’s teachings. They give the farm a new name- Animal Farm- and hold a meeting to vote on rules. Seven fundamental principles are adopted: Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.No animal shall wear clothes.No animal shall sleep in a bed.No animal shall drink alcohol.No animal shall kill any other animal.All animals are equal. Snowball and Napoleon order that these principles of Animalism be painted on the side of the barn in large white letters. The cart-horse, Boxer, is particularly excited and declares that his personal motto will be â€Å"I Will Work Harder.† Napoleon does not join the animals in the harvest, and when they return, the milk has disappeared. Chapters 3-4 Snowball undertakes a project to teach all the animals on the farm how to read and write. Napoleon takes charge of a litter of young puppies in order to teach them the principles of Animalism. He takes the puppies away; the other animals never see them. The animals work together and know the business of the farm very well. For a time, the farm is peaceful and happy. Every Sunday, Snowball and Napoleon gather the animals for a meeting in which they debate what to do next and vote. The pigs are the smartest of the animals, and so they assume leadership and create the agenda every week. Snowball has many ideas for improving the farm and the lives of the animals, but Napoleon is against almost all of his ideas. When the animals complain that they cannot remember so many of Animalism’s commandments, Snowball tells them that all they have to remember is â€Å"Four legs good, two legs bad.† Neighboring farmers are afraid that a similar overthrow could take place on their own farms. They band together with Mr. Jones to attack the farm with a gun. Snowball thinks quickly and organizes the animals into an ambush; they surprise the men and chase them off. The animals celebrate the â€Å"Battle of the Cowshed† and confiscate the gun. They decide to fire the gun once a year to commemorate the battle, and Snowball is hailed as a hero. Chapters 5-6 At the next Sunday meeting, Snowball suggests building a windmill, which will provide electricity as well as grind grain. He makes a passionate speech arguing that the windmill will make their lives easier. Napoleon gives a short speech opposing the matter, but he can tell he has lost the argument. Napoleon makes a sound, and suddenly the dogs he took away for education- now fully grown- burst into the barn, snarling and biting. They chase Snowball away. Napoleon tells the other animals that Snowball was their enemy and had been working with Mr. Jones. He announces that the meetings are no longer necessary, and that Napoleon, Squealer, and the other pigs will run the farm for the benefit of everyone. Napoleon decides to build the windmill after all. Work commences on the windmill- Boxer works especially hard at it, excited at the easier life they will have when it is done. The animals notice that Napoleon and the other pigs begin to act more like men: standing on their hind legs, drinking whiskey, and living inside. Whenever someone points out that this behavior violates the principles of Animalism, Squealer explains why they are wrong. Napoleons leadership becomes increasingly totalitarian. When a storm causes the windmill to collapse, Napoleon deflects blame by telling everyone that Snowball sabotaged it. He corrects the animals about their memory of the Battle of the Cowshed, insisting he was the hero they all remember, and that Snowball was in league with Mr. Jones. He accuses various animals of being in league with Snowball; his dogs attack and kill each one he accuses. Boxer accepts Napoleons rule, repeating â€Å"Napoleon is always right† as a mantra as he works harder and harder. Chapters 7-8 The windmill is rebuilt, but another farmer, Mr. Frederick, gets into a disagreement over a business deal with Napoleon and uses explosives to destroy the new windmill. Another battle ensues between the animals and the men. The men are once again driven away, but Boxer is severely injured. The animals discover Squealer with a can of white paint; they suspect the Animalism principles painted on the barn have been altered. Chapters 9-10 Boxer continues to work, driving himself to do even more despite his injuries. He grows weaker, and eventually collapses. Napoleon tells the animals he will send for a veterinary hospital to come get Boxer, but when the truck arrives, the animals read the words on the truck and realize Boxer is being sent to the ‛knacker’ to be made into glue. Napoleon has sold Boxer for whiskey money. Napoleon and Squealer deny this and claim that the truck had recently been purchased by the hospital and hadn’t been repainted. Later, Napoleon tells the animals that Boxer passed away under a doctor’s care. Time passes. The windmill is rebuilt again and generates a lot of income for the farm, but the lives of the animals get worse. No longer is there talk of heated stalls and electric lights for all. Instead, Napoleon tells the animals that the simpler their lives are, the happier they’ll be. Most of the animals who knew the farm before the revolution are gone. One by one, the principles of Animalism have been erased on the side of the barn, until only one remains: â€Å"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.† The simplified motto has been changed to â€Å"Four legs good, two legs better.† The pigs have become almost indistinguishable from the men: they live inside, wear clothes, and sleep in beds. Napoleon invites a neighboring farmer to dinner to discuss an alliance, and changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm. Some of the animals peer into the farmhouse through the windows and cannot tell which are the pigs and which are the men.

Organisational Behaviour of Siemens and Dell Companies Essay - 1

Organisational Behaviour of Siemens and Dell Companies - Essay Example Research claims that OB is the study of â€Å"the interface between human behavior and the organization, and of the organization itself†. The organizational structure reflects the framework of management and delineates employee relationships â€Å"at different levels within the organization†. Research has labeled organizational culture the glue which holds an organizational together and â€Å"addresses the lived experiences of people†. Siemens is a multinational conglomerate which originated in Germany and is headquartered there in Berlin. Being the largest company in entire Europe, it has always made strikingly innovative efforts to preserve its reputation over changing times. A wide range of quality products is offered by Siemens from medical imaging equipment to transport products to generators to electrical services. Dell, in contrast, is primarily a computer manufacturing American company which is known for dealing with computers and laptops. Dell has a repu tation for delivering quality to its customers by designing products in exact accordance with customer specification. There are different leadership styles seen at both Siemens and Dell which will be scrutinized in this report. Organisational structure is a formal system of task and relationships which controls how people in a workplace interact with each other to accomplish organizational objectives. In addition to shaping behavior and different operations, it is also important to remember that organizational structure is dynamic and â€Å"evolves as an organization grows and differentiates†. Some important types of organizational structure are functional, divisional, and matrix. The above figure shows how a business is structured in a functional structure. Departments are set up to control different areas of activity. In this structure, an organization is divided into different groups and each group has its own purpose. There are different types of departments like a market ing department, a designing department, a sales department etc.